Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Query query = session.createQuery("from User"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { User user = (User) iterator.next(); System.out.println(user.getId() + "\t" + user.getAge() + "\t" + user.getName()); }也可以指定类别的全名,例如:
Query query = session.createQuery("from onlyfun.caterpillar.User");HQL本身不区分大小写,不过要注意类别的名称必须区分大小写。
Query query = session.createQuery("from java.lang.Object");如果要针对某个属性作查询,则可以如下:
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Query query = session.createQuery("select user.name from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); }如果要查询两个以上的属性,则如下,查询的结果会以数组的方式传回:
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Query query = session.createQuery("select user.age, user.name from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { Object[] obj = (Object[]) iterator.next(); System.out.println(obj[0] + "\t" + obj[1]); }如果User类别提供有适当的建构方法,则可以在使用HQL时直接指定新建一个对象传回,例如若User如下设计:
package onlyfun.caterpillar; public class User { private Integer id; private String name; private Integer age; public User() { } public User(String name, Integer age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } .... }则在使用HQL查询时可以如下:
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Query query = session.createQuery("select new User(user.name, user.age) from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { User user= (User) iterator.next(); System.out.println(user.getAge() + "\t" + user.getName()); }要注意的是,这个返回的User实例并未与数据库有任何关联,可以试着取得id属性,可以发现它的值是nul,如果试图使用Session的saveOrupdate()方法,则会新增一笔数据而不是更新原有的数据。
Query query = session.createQuery("select distinct user.age from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); }您也可以在HQL中使用函式,例如取得资料的笔数:
Query query = session.createQuery("select count(*) from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); }使用avg()取得属性的平均值:
Query query = session.createQuery("select avg(user.age) from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); }使用upper()函式将字符串转为大写:
Query query = session.createQuery("select upper(user.name) from User as user"); List names = query.list(); Iterator iterator = names.iterator(); while(iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); }可以一并参考 Query 的使用。