SHOW CHARACTER SET [LIKE 'pattern']
SHOW CHARACTER SET语句用于显示所有可用的字符集。该语句取一个自选的LIKE子句。该子句指示哪些字符集名称可以匹配。举例说明：
mysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET LIKE 'latin%'; +---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+ | Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | +---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+ | latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 | | latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 | | latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 | | latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 | +---------+-----------------------------+-------------------+--------+
Maxlen列显示用于存储一个字符的最大的字节数目。